Ride-hailing giant Uber has lost an appeal in France brought by a former driver who wanted his terms of employment recognised as a fully-fledged work contract.
Fabien Masson, a lawyer for the plaintiff, hailed Thursday's ruling by the Paris Court of Appeal as a "landmark decision".
It follows a similar court decision last month in Britain that Uber should grant workers' rights, including the national minimum wage and holiday time, to its drivers.
Uber has long maintained it is simply a service provider, connecting people needing a ride with drivers - either amateurs or professionals, depending on the country - in about 630 cities worldwide.
On that basis, Uber, which operates in over 60 countries and which intends to offer shares to the public later this year, has always maintained that its drivers are self-employed.
The Paris court ruling specifies that the contract between Uber and its former driver was "an employment contract" because the driver was dependent for his work on the ride-hailing app.
The former driver first sued Uber in June 2017, two months after the firm had deactivated his account "depriving him of the possibility to get new reservations", according to the court.
The court also noted that the driver had signed a "registration partnership" with Uber which did not allow him to choose his own clients or set his own rates.
Uber in effect exercised "control" over the driver by actively discouraging him from turning would-be clients away.
The driver, who stopped working for Uber in 2016 after providing some 4,000 trips in under two years, had sued to have his "commercial accord" reclassified as an employment contract.
He was seeking reimbursement for holidays and expenses as well as indemnities for "undeclared work" and contract termination.
In an initial ruling last year, a French court found in favour of Uber, saying its drivers were free to refuse a trip and were not subject to any oversight by Uber in terms of time worked.
The European Court of Justice meanwhile has deemed the US group to be a transportation service, subject to the same regulations governing traditional taxis and other ride providers.
Get your daily dose of tech news, reviews, and insights, in under 80 characters on Gadgets 360 Turbo. Connect with fellow tech lovers on our Forum. Follow us on X, Facebook, WhatsApp, Threads and Google News for instant updates. Catch all the action on our YouTube channel.
Samsung Galaxy Watch 9 (44mm, LTE)
Starts from ₹44,999
Samsung Galaxy Watch 9 (40mm, LTE)
Starts from ₹37,999
Samsung Galaxy Watch 9 (40mm)
Starts from ₹37,999
Haier M70 Mini LED 65-inch
Starts from ₹74,990
CMF Buds Neo True Wireless Stereo (TWS) Earphones
Starts from ₹2,199
Xiaomi TV FX Mini LED 65
Starts from ₹64,999
IFA 2026: Lenovo Unveiled New IdeaPad, Yoga and ThinkBook Laptops
IFA 2026: Nvidia RTX Spark PCs, Local AI Tools Announced With October Launch Planned
Luna Band Now Available Globally: Check Price in India, Specifications and Features