Ethereum Co-Founder Vitalik Buterin Outlines Roadmap for ETH 2.0 in ‘Endgame’ Post

Solutions proposed by the Ethereum co-founder do not address the centralisation issue, but provide a roadmap for implementation.

Advertisement
By Shomik Sen Bhattacharjee | Updated: 7 December 2021 14:25 IST
Highlights
  • ETH 2.0 is a multi-phase upgrade that began on October 27
  • Vitalik offers a solution for trustless, decentralised block validation
  • He says block production will likely remain centralised
Ethereum Co-Founder Vitalik Buterin Outlines Roadmap for ETH 2.0 in ‘Endgame’ Post

ETH 2.0 launch process started in October 2021

Photo Credit: Facebook/ Vitalik Buterin

Vitalik Buterin, the co-founder of Ethereum, has set an outline for what he believes to be the roadmap for ETH 2.0, the much-anticipated upgrade to the Ethereum network that promises a "more scalable, more secure, and more sustainable Ethereum". Buterin's new blog post, titled "Endgame", talks about how the world's largest smart contract platform can improve scale while meeting high standards for trustlessness and censorship resistance. The first of many phases of the ETH 2.0 update also known as the Altair Beacon Chain upgrade, took place on October 27 this year.

In his post, Buterin presents an experiment reflecting on how the average large blockchain — defined by very high block frequency, high block size, and thousands of transactions per second — can still be considered sufficiently reliable and resistant to censorship.

The clear trade-off for this level of flexibility is the centralised production of blocks. Buterin's ideas, as stated in the blog post, do not delve into the issue of centralisation, but aims to provide a road map for execution.

Buterin intends "a second tier of staking, with low resource requirements" to carry out distributed block validation; introduce “either fraud-proof or ZK-SNARKS to let users directly (and cheaply) check block validity" directly; and introduce “data availability sampling to let users check block availability [and] add secondary transaction channels to prevent censorship”.

Advertisement

With the recent updates, "We get a chain where block production is still centralised, but block validation is trustless and highly decentralised, and specialised anti-censorship magic prevents the block producers from censoring," Buterin adds in the post.

Buterin says that despite the implementation of so-called "rollups," which are layer-two solutions that process transactions outside of the main Ethereum chain, block generation will remain centralised.

Advertisement

"No single rollup succeeds at holding anywhere close to the majority of Ethereum activity. Instead, they all top out at a few hundred transactions per second,” he explained. Although rollups seem to have the potential to contribute to distributed block production, decentralisation may not be sustainable due to the possibility of cross-domain maximum exhaustible revenue, or MEV. MEV refers to the maximum amount of value that may be received through block production over and above standard block incentives and gas fees.

Despite the network's approach to scalability, the Ethereum co-founder says that there is a strong possibility that block production would become centralised. According to him, the advantage of Ethereum's rollup-centric roadmap is that it is accessible to all futures.


Interested in cryptocurrency? We discuss all things crypto with WazirX CEO Nischal Shetty and WeekendInvesting founder Alok Jain on Orbital, the Gadgets 360 podcast. Orbital is available on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music and wherever you get your podcasts.
Affiliate links may be automatically generated - see our ethics statement for details.
 

Also seeCryptocurrency Prices across Indian exchanges

For the latest tech news and reviews, follow Gadgets 360 on X, Facebook, WhatsApp, Threads and Google News. For the latest videos on gadgets and tech, subscribe to our YouTube channel. If you want to know everything about top influencers, follow our in-house Who'sThat360 on Instagram and YouTube.

Advertisement

Related Stories

Popular Mobile Brands
  1. Apple Announces iOS 26 With Liquid Glass Design, These New Features
  2. Poco F7 India Launch Teased; Flipkart Availability Confirmed
  3. iQOO 13 and More Available With Discounts During iQOO 5th Anniversary Sale
  4. WWDC 2025 Highlights: Apple Unveils iOS 26, macOS 26 and Liquid Glass UI
  5. Lava Storm Play 5G, Storm Lite 5G Design Teased; India Launch Date Set
  6. ROG Xbox Ally and ROG Xbox Ally X Handhelds Unveiled at Xbox Games Showcase
  7. WhatApp May Soon Let You Choose Media Auto-Download Quality on Android
  8. WazirX Parent Zettai Seeks Moratorium Extension, Responds to Court Criticism
  1. WWDC 2025: Apple Announces iOS 26 With New Liquid Glass Design, Apple Intelligence Enhancements and More
  2. WWDC 2025: Apple Intelligence Models Expanded to Developers, Live Translation Feature Unveiled
  3. Xbox Chief Phil Spencer Hints at 'Return' of Halo: Combat Evolved Next Year
  4. Vivo X Fold 5 Design Teased; Confirmed to Feature 8T LTPO Panels, Meet IP5X and IPX9+ Certifications
  5. Oppo K13x 5G Price Range in India Tipped; Alleged Retail Box Suggests Flat Display
  6. WWDC 2025: Apple Faces AI, Regulatory Challenges As it Woos Developers at Annual Conference
  7. WazirX Parent Zettai Urges Singapore Court to Review WazirX Restructuring, Extend Moratorium
  8. AI+ Smartwatch With Built-in TWS Tipped to Launch in June; Retail Box Image Leaked
  9. Vivo T4 Ultra to Get MediaTek Dimensity 9300+ SoC; Camera, Display Features Revealed
  10. Capcom Reveals Resident Evil Requiem at Summer Game Fest, Launch Set for February 2026
Gadgets 360 is available in
Download Our Apps
Available in Hindi
© Copyright Red Pixels Ventures Limited 2025. All rights reserved.