Tesla Ends 'Spartan Diet' and Seeks $2.3 Billion to Fund Expansion

Tesla will raise up to $2.3 billion (roughly Rs. 16,000 crores) in new capital, renouncing what Elon Musk called a "Spartan diet" and easing Wall Street concerns about the money-losing company's ability to overcome a drop in sales and build new product lines.

Tesla's plan to issue shares and convertible debt comes after the company repeatedly pushed back forecasts for turning a profit. The company faces expensive challenges, including launching production in China, overhauling its US retail and service operations and developing new models, including the high-volume Model Y SUV and a Semi commercial truck.

Many analysts had calculated that Tesla - which burned through $1.5 billion in the first quarter - would not be able to carry out its growth plans without new cash.

"The market seems to be breathing a sigh of relief. Now they need to get back to work, and start selling more cars," said Roth Capital analyst Craig Irwin.

Shares of Tesla rose 4.3 percent to close at $244.10, while the yield on Tesla's existing $1.8 billion junk bond fell to its lowest level in over a month.

"This is how they pay for the factory in China, the Model Y, their 2020 goals, said Ross Gerber, chief executive of investment firm Gerber Kawasaki.

Raising $650 million in new shares and $1.35 billion in debt, while giving underwriters the option to buy an additional 15 percent of each offering, could potentially raise the proceeds to $2.3 billion.

Tesla later priced its stock offering at $243 per share and also increased its size to 3.1 million shares from 2.7 million shares, Bloomberg reported after market hours on Thursday, citing a person familiar with the matter.

This stock offering price would be at a discount of 0.5 percent to the close on Thursday.

Tesla was not immediately available to comment on the report.

Chief Executive Officer Musk would also pitch in $10 million of his own money, Tesla said in a filing.

For over a year, Musk had insisted that the money-losing Silicon Valley automaker had no need for a capital raise, saying that high Model 3 volume and efficiency would push the company to profit in all quarters of 2019. That changed with a $702 million loss in the first quarter, and warnings that profit would be delayed until the latter half of the year.

Raising capital should not be a substitute for operating effectively, Musk said last month, suggesting that a capital raise could be near. "It's healthy to be on a Spartan diet for a while," he said.

Before Tesla's announcement on Thursday, however, analysts speculating about a capital raise had cautioned that the company had missed optimal timing - last year's third quarter, when the company posted a profit.

Tesla has reported four profitable quarters since it went public in June 2010.

The company has made a series of moves to rework pricing strategies for its cars following the reduction of a $7,500 federal tax credit for Tesla buyers by half, a decline that hurt first-quarter deliveries.

Musk also has been distracted by a public feud with U.S. regulators. Shares in the company have dropped 28% since the beginning of the year.

Lower coupon
Tesla ended its first quarter with $2.2 billion in cash. In 2019, it expects capital expenditures of $2 billion to $2.5 billion and about $2.5 billion to $3 billion annually for 2020 and 2021.

Throughout its history, Tesla has raised funds through bank loans, equity sales, convertible notes, a junk bond sale, securitization of its vehicle leases and solar asset-backed notes.

Convertible bonds, which permit an issuer to repay creditors in new stock rather than cash if certain conditions are met, have been among Tesla's most preferred vehicles for raising capital. They typically allow a borrower to raise capital at a lower interest rate than an ordinary bond because the investor has the potential for a greater return should the conversion terms be met.

The convertible notes announced on Thursday are seen carrying a coupon rate of between 1.5% and 2.0% with a conversion premium of between 27.5% and 32.5% over the reference price for Tesla shares at the time of the sale, according to a trader who saw preliminary marketing materials for the deal.

The convert is being marketed with a higher conversion premium than its last convertible bond, issued in March 2017, meaning Tesla shares will have to rise by an even larger magnitude to trigger a conversion to equity.

Tesla's last convert was a $977.5-million security maturing in March 2022 that featured a 2.375% coupon with a 25% conversion premium to the stock's reference price of $262 per share at the time of the sale. That bond can be converted to equity at a price of $327.50 per share, which is currently around 36% above Tesla's current share price of around $240.

In March, Tesla had to repay a $920 million convertible in cash because the stock failed to reach the conversion price of around $360 per share. Only one of the convertibles it or its Solar City unit have issued has met the terms for conversion.

The yield on Tesla's existing $1.8 billion junk bond fell to its lowest level in over a month at just over 8 percent on Thursday after the news, roughly 2.7 percentage points above its 5.3% coupon.

Goldman Sachs and Citigroup will manage the offering. BofA Merrill Lynch, Deutsche Bank Securities, Morgan Stanley and Credit Suisse are the additional book-running managers.

Goldman, Morgan Stanley and Bank of America have $507 million in outstanding personal loans to Musk, with his Tesla shares put up as collateral, according to Thursday's prospectus. If Tesla's stock falls, the banks could force him to sell some of those shares. Tesla's previous prospectus in 2017 showed Musk had $624 million in personal loans from banks, backed by his shares.

In a sign of Wall Street's concern about Tesla, Goldman Sachs recommended selling Tesla shares in an April 25 report, putting a 12-month price target of $200.

© Thomson Reuters 2019